90 degree pipe elbow 304 sw elbow
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There are hundreds of different grades of stainless steel on the market. Each of these unique stainless steel formulations have a degree of corrosion resistance that exceeds that of ordinary steel.
The existence of these stainless steel variants can cause some confusion – especially when the two 304 forged elbow are nearly identical in name and formula. This is the case with 304 and 304L forged elbow.
The two alloys are very similar, but there is one key difference. In grade 304 stainless steel forged elbow, the maximum carbon content is set at 0.08%, while grade 304L stainless steel forged elbow has a maximum carbon content of 0.03%. The “L” in 304L can be understood as ultra-low carbon.
The 0.05% difference in carbon content produced a slight but significant difference in the properties of the two alloys.
mechanical difference
The key mechanical performance characteristics of 304L forged elbow are slightly reduced, but notably, compared to “standard” grade 304 stainless steel alloys.
For example, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 304L is about 85 ksi (~586 MPa), which is lower than the UTS of standard grade 304 stainless steel forged elbow, which is 90 ksi (~620 MPa). The difference in yield strength is slightly larger, with 304 SS having a 0.2% yield strength of 42 ksi (~289 MPa) and 304L having a 0.2% yield strength of 35 ksi (~241 MPa).
Type 304 and 304L Stainless Steel Composition: | ||||||
Element | Type 304 (%) | Type 304L (%) | ||||
Carbon | 0.08 max. | 0.03 max. | ||||
Manganese | 2.00 max. | 2.00 max. | ||||
Phosphorus | 0.045 max. | 0.045 max. | ||||
Sulfur | 0.03 max. | 0.03 max. | ||||
Silicon | 0.75 max. | 0.75 max. | ||||
Chromium | 18.00-20.00 | 18.00-20.00 | ||||
Nickel | 8.00-10.50 | 8.00-12.00 | ||||
Nitrogen | 0.10 max. | 0.10 max. | ||||
Iron | Balance | Balance |