stainless steel ASTM A403 WP316L heat pipes with flanges

304 Piping Spools are made of 304 Stainless Steel, a common and popular material in many industrial applications that require resistance to corrosion and oxidation. These S30400 Piping Spools are prefabricated using specialized machinery and processes, which ensure that they are highly accurate and reliable.

Hastelloy B3’s distinguishing characteristic is its ability to maintain good ductility while transient exposure to intermediate temperatures.

The socket welded tees also make a perpendicular angle between the connected lines. They used for high-pressure applications. In opposition to the butt welded tees, the socket welded tees are utilized in applications where the radius of the pipes are generally smaller. The socket welded tees do not require the beveling process before welding. Therefore, these types of tees are favorable in some applications where branch ends must be kept in the same form before and after the welding.

304 stainless steel is the most common form of stainless steel in the world due to its excellent corrosion resistance and value. It contains 16% to 24% chromium and up to 35% nickel, as well as small amounts of carbon and manganese.

It is designed with a combination of impact toughness resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking, and pitting and crevice corrosion with strength that is twice that of the stainless steel 300 series.

Customized Prefabrication Pipe Spools

Pipe welded with Flanges

Pipe welded with Fittings

Flanges welded with Fittings

The number of welds on a spool must be kept in a minimum count. The dimension of the spacing between circumferential welds and the center lines must not be larger than the four times the wall thickness of the pipe or fitting. After the main welds, tacks welds must be done precisely. All welds in the spools must be implemented according to proper Welding Procedure Specification (WPS). After the welding process is done, quality control of the components is performed by the specialists.

Customized Prefabrication Pipe Spools

Pipe welded with Flanges

Pipe welded with Fittings

Flanges welded with Fittings

Customized Prefabrication Pipe Spools

Pipe welded with Flanges

Pipe welded with Fittings

Flanges welded with Fittings

Customized Prefabrication Pipe Spools

Pipe welded with Flanges

Pipe welded with Fittings

Flanges welded with Fittings

However, their fatigue strength is higher than the slip-on flanges. A major problem of the socket weld flanges is the corrosion risk. A gap between the flange and fitting or pipe must be maintained before the welding. Corrosive fluids or humidity can locate in these shelters. Thus, this solid-liquid interface may cause corrosion on the body.

The pipeline system must be produced and mounted away from the facility site. These complex facilities use pipe spools with different measurements and various components. Pipe spools are the prefabricated segments that include pipes, flanges, and fittings. Pipe fittings are the components that connect the complex pipe network. Moreover, pipe fittings change the piping systems¡¯ either sizes or dimensions. There are various types of fitting components but they can be briefly divided into three groups which are elbows tees and flanges.

For service requiring optimum creep and rupture properties, Incoloy 800H or 800 HT are used. The high contents of nickel and chromium in the alloys also give good corrosion resistance.

Elbows are generally used for a change in the direction of the flow. Common elbow systems can change the angle of the flow at 180¡ã, 90¡ã or 45¡ã. The 180¡ã elbow system is also called a ¡®return bend¡¯. The elbow systems can be classified into two groups which are butt weld elbows and reducing elbows. Butt-welded elbows are the most common and desired components.

Incoloy 825 is a superalloy with molybdenum and copper added to Incoloy 800. This makes Alloy 825 superior to Alloy 800 in terms of corrosion resistance.

In most instances, the carbon content of the plate enables dual certification.

The plasma arc cutter is utilized for large pipes (above 28 inches of nominal pipe size) and its use is also beneficial for cutting off branches. If possible, an internal case must be located into pipes or fittings, in order to protect them from the spatters which are created by the plasma arc cutter. After the cutting, and edge preparation must be maintained.

The alloy also resists ammonia bearing atmospheres, as well as nitrogen and carburizing gases.

304 stainless steel does have one weakness: it is susceptible to corrosion from chloride solutions or saline environments such as the coast.

Alloy C-276 is also defined as Alloy C276, Inconel C 276 or Hastelloy C, which is a superalloy with a perfect combination of molybdenum, nickel and chromium. Tungsten is added, which is designed to provide excellent corrosion resistance even in harsh environments.

Thus, the pipeline system must be designed and produced in a way that can handle the induced stresses during the transportation of liquid or gaseous substances. Some facilities (power plants, petroleum refineries, etc.) require long and complicated pipeline systems. Moreover, these types of facilities handle problems because of the limited working space.

Other popular nickel-chromium alloys are age hardened through the addition of aluminum and titanium.

Hastelloy B2 prevents the formation of grain boundary carbide precipitates in the weld heat affected zone, making it suitable for most chemical process applications in the as-welded condition. The heat affected weld zone reduces the precipitation of carbides and other phases to ensure uniform corrosion resistance.
Alloy B2 also has excellent resistance to pitting and stress corrosion cracking.

A Pre-engineered steel is basically a that is made up of steel.

The combined parts are heat treated with the aim of reducing the induced inner stresses. The heat treatment procedure is performed according to ASME B31.3 standards. Thereafter, the pipe spools must be painted for protection of the surfaces from any corrosion risk.

Typical corrosion applications include titanium dioxide production (chloride route), perchlorethylene syntheses, vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), and magnesium chloride.

This alloy is resistant to the formation of grain boundary precipitates in the weld heat-affected zone, thus making it suitable for most chemical process applications in an as welded condition.

Grade 304 stainless steel is generally considered the most common austenitic stainless steel.

Hastelloy B2 is a nickel-molybdenum alloy with significant resistance to reducing environments such as hydrogen chloride gas and sulfuric, acetic and phosphoric acids. Hastelloy B2 is resistant to pure sulfuric acid and many non-oxidizing acids. This alloy should not be used in the presence of oxidative contaminants in oxidizing or reducing media. Premature failure may occur if Alloy B2 is used in the presence of iron or copper in systems containing hydrochloric acid.

Alloy K500 is refined by Electroslag Refining (ESR), ensuring the cleanest and highest quality material. This increased alloy purity limits the potential for hard non-metallic inclusions that can increase machining difficulty, machining time and ultimately lead to part failure. It also has low permeability and is non-magnetic at temperatures as low as -150¡ãF (-101¡ãC).

In today¡¯s world, pipelines are very common for almost every application that transports any liquid or gaseous substance. These liquid or gaseous substances flow in the pipe system with different pressures and temperatures. Therefore, pipeline systems are suffered from excess stresses that are produced by pressure and temperature.