stainless steel ASTM A403 WP316L heat pipes with flanges

304 Piping Spools are made of 304 Stainless Steel, a common and popular material in many industrial applications that require resistance to corrosion and oxidation. These S30400 Piping Spools are prefabricated using specialized machinery and processes, which ensure that they are highly accurate and reliable.

Prefabricated steel s as the name itself sounds, is made of pre engineered steel. Fabrication is done in controlled environment inside the factory and then sent to client location for assembly.

One of the distinguishing features of Inconel 718¡¯s composition is the addition of niobium to permit age hardening which allows annealing and welding without spontaneous hardening during heating and cooling.

These specialist fabricators produce the system under the specified set of quality and accuracy to obtain proper fit at the site and to maintain the necessary technical properties defined by the client.

It was developed for enhanced creep resistance and for higher strength at temperatures above 1000¡ãF (537¡ãC).

The alloy is capable of remaining stable and maintaining its austenitic structure. Incoloy 800 is primarily used in applications with temperatures up to 1100¡ã F, where alloys 800H and 800HT are normally used in temperatures above 1100¡ã F where resistance to creep and rupture is required.

Alloy 347 stainless steel plate cannot be hardened by heat treatment, only by cold working.

The pipe spools are usually applied in concrete structures to make sure the necessary fittings are in place before pouring concrete into the construction.

Alloy 600 is non-magnetic, has excellent mechanical properties and a combination of high strength and good workability and is readily weldable.

HASTELLOY C276 is a Nickel-chromium-molybdenum wrought alloy that is considered the most versatile corrosion resistant alloy available.

The corrosion resistance of Monel K-500 is basically the same as Alloy 400, except that in the age hardened condition, Alloy K-500 has a greater tendency to stress corrosion cracking in certain environments. Monel K-500 has been found to be resistant to sour gas environments.

Chromium is the principal agent for conferring corrosion resistance in neutral or oxidizing environments.

In nuclear reactors uses are for such components as control rod inlet stub tubes, reactor vessel components and seals, steam dryers and d separators in boiling water reactors.

Alloy K500 is refined by Electroslag Refining (ESR), ensuring the cleanest and highest quality material. This increased alloy purity limits the potential for hard non-metallic inclusions that can increase machining difficulty, machining time and ultimately lead to part failure. It also has low permeability and is non-magnetic at temperatures as low as -150¡ãF (-101¡ãC).

The alloy also resists ammonia bearing atmospheres, as well as nitrogen and carburizing gases.

Monel 400 is a nickel-copper alloy (about 67% Ni ¨C 23% Cu) that is resistant to sea water and steam at high temperatures as well as to salt and caustic solutions.

The high chromium content promotes and maintains a passive film that protects the material in many corrosive environments.

The lap-joint flanges have the nearly same shape as the socket weld flanges except for the weld gap. Thus, their use in applications that can cause corrosion is advantageous. Another flange type is the threaded flanges. The threaded flanges are very useful in specific applications since they do not require welding for fixation.

One exception, however, are strongly oxidizing acids such as nitric acid. Alloys that contain molybdenum generally do not perform as well in these environments.?

Hastelloy C-276 is the most common corrosion resistant material currently available, but it is not foolproof. Metals should not be exposed to high temperature, strong acid environment. Also, it is easier to work with cold working practices; hot working makes it easier to harden. If hot working, the temperature should be maintained between 1600¡ãF and 2250¡ãF.

At elevated temperatures the annealed and solution annealed alloy shows good resistance to scaling and has high strength.

Monel K-500 combines the excellent corrosion resistance of Monel 400 with the added benefits of higher strength and hardness. Performance can be improved by adding aluminum and titanium to the nickel-copper matrix and by heating under controlled conditions to precipitate submicroscopic particles of Ni 3 (Ti, Al) throughout the matrix.

Hastelloy C-276 resists the formation of grain boundary deposits in the weld heat affected zone, making it a candidate material for most chemical and petrochemical processing applications in the as-welded state. The alloy resists general and localized corrosion, including pitting, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.

Alloy 317L is non-magnetic in the annealed condition.

Hastelloy B2 prevents the formation of grain boundary carbide precipitates in the weld heat affected zone, making it suitable for most chemical process applications in the as-welded condition. The heat affected weld zone reduces the precipitation of carbides and other phases to ensure uniform corrosion resistance.
Alloy B2 also has excellent resistance to pitting and stress corrosion cracking.

The alloy has good oxidation resistance and creep strength to 1500¡ãF (816¡ãC). It also possesses good low temperature toughness.

Alloy B2 is a highly resistant material to most organic and inorganic acids. It is a reduction resistant material.

The pipeline system must be produced and mounted away from the facility site. These complex facilities use pipe spools with different measurements and various components. Pipe spools are the prefabricated segments that include pipes, flanges, and fittings. Pipe fittings are the components that connect the complex pipe network. Moreover, pipe fittings change the piping systems¡¯ either sizes or dimensions. There are various types of fitting components but they can be briefly divided into three groups which are elbows tees and flanges.

The specification of the flange types is done via the ASME B16.5 standards. Thus flanges are classified as; weld neck, slip-on, socket weld, lap-joint, threaded blind. The weld necked flanges are easy to recognize. A cylindrical bulge with a gradually increasing radius is connected to the main hollow part.

Inconel 718 consists primarily of nickel (52%). Alloying elements include iron (19%), chromium (18%), niobium + tantalum (5%), molybdenum (3%), titanium (0.9%), aluminum (0.5%), in addition to other trace elements such as Baron, Cobalt, Copper, Manganese and Silicon.

These have the advantage of nickel and molybdenum providing resistance against the most reducing environments. The oxidation resistance is also high in these materials due to the addition of the chromium content.