Steel Pipe Fittings

The melting of titanium can only occur in a chemically inert atmosphere such as a vacuum.

Titanium’s thermodynamic properties do not allow it to melt in normal conditions, because it becomes more reactive at elevated temperatures and can catch fire if the oxygen molecules are present in its environment.

Titanium is a transition metal that also exhibits similarities in its chemical behavior, especially in lower oxidation states, to that of chrome and vanadium.

This happens because the specific heat starts to increase dramatically as the transition temperature of 880 ?C is reached.

The chemical behavior of titanium metal has remarkable similarities with zirconium and silica.

Titanium, zirconium, and silica all belong to the first transition group in the periodic table.

Titanium resides in group 4 (IVB) of the periodic table, which means it is in the middle.

Titanium is a lustrous grey metal with low corrosion rates and high strength; it is used in a variety of applications.

The arrangement of elements in the periodic chart shows how the elements are related to one another chemically. As it is in the middle of the table, we know titanium exhibits properties between those of metals and non-metals.

Titanium was discovered in 1791 by the English chemist and mineralogist William Gregor. He thought it was a compound. Later, it was named after the Titan of Greek mythology by the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klapros.

Titanium rapidly starts to react with oxygen molecules at around 1,200 ?C, and it can exhibit the same behavior at a reduced temperature of 610 ?C when the oxygen is in pure form.

Titanium is also a ductile metal, especially in an oxygen-free environment.

Titanium behaves as an inert element in the presence of oxygen and water, which means it does not react with oxygen and water at ambient temperature conditions.

Its glossy off-white appearance also makes it useful for metal coating or display.

This protective layer enables titanium to become an excellent corrosion-resistant element¡ªalmost as effective as platinum. This property makes it resistant to even strong liquids such as sulfuric acid, moist chlorine gas, chloride solutions, hydrochloric acid, and most organic acids.

Titanium has rather low thermal and electrical conductivity compared to other metals, although it exhibits superconducting properties when cooled below the 0.49 K temperature (its critical temperature).

Pure titanium is almost 99.2% pure and is a lustrous metal with low density and high corrosion resistance.

It is even resistant to strong liquids such as sulfuric acid, wet chlorine gas, chloride solutions, hydrochloric acid and most organic acids. However, it can burn in air and is the only element that will burn in the presence of nitrogen.

Titanium is considered to be a strong metal with an ultimate tensile strength of 434 MPa that makes 63,000 psi which is roughly equal to the strength of a low-grade steel alloy.

This means titanium can be used as a replacement for steel¡ªa major benefit, as it is 45% lighter than steel. It is twice as strong as aluminum and 60% denser.

When titanium is mixed with other metals, the alloys can reach a tensile strength of more than 1,400 MPa, which makes 200,000 psi.

However, titanium can lose its strength at temperatures greater than 430?C because it is not as hard as high grades of steel.

Titanium is a dimorphic element with a hexagonal form that slowly converts into a body-centered cube at an elevated temperature of 880 ?C.

Pipe fittings of ASTM A420 WPL6 are widely utilized in pressure piping and pressure vessel service at low-temperatures.ASTM A420 is the standard specification for pipe fittings of carbon steel and alloy steel used for low temperature services.

ASTM A234 WPB Fittings are made up of different material grades.Hot formed WPB, WPC, WPR fittings forming at above 620¡æ[1150¨H] to 980¡æ[1800¨H] no need to be heat treated which they are cooled in still air.

The tee can be equal tee to connect three equally sized pipes or unequal tee to connect unequally sized pipes.Forgings or forming operations could be perfomred by hammering, pressing, piercing, upseting, rolling, extruding, bending, fusion welding, machining, or by a combination of two or more above operations. Which the point of manufacturing is not to produce injurious imperfections in the fittings.

WPHY 52 chemical composition are known for accurate dimension, corrosion resistance and their durability.

The Carbon Steel A234 WPB Smls Reducer is a seamless product that reduces the diameter of the pipeline.Unless specified for carbon steel plates or sheet, the steel may be made to either coarse grain or fine grain practice. Which ASTM A234 WP9 shall be made to fine grain practice.

The manufacturing process of A860 WPHY 52 includes heat treatment.

The specification is for pressure piping and fitting in the high or moderate temperature services.ASTM A234 (ASME SA234) pipe fittings after shaping from an elevated temperature, shall be cooled down to a temperature below critical range under suitable conditions which preventing injurious defects caused by too rapid cooling, but in no case more rapidly than the cooling rate in still air. Referring standard in Section 7 of ASTM A960/A960M.