Steel Pipe Fittings

The combination of very low corrosion rates in high-velocity sea water and high strength make alloy K-500 pipe bend and elbow particularly suitable for shafts of centrifugal pumps in marine service.

Typical application for MONEL K500 which takes advantage of high strength and corrosion resistance are pump shafts, impellers, propeller shafts, valve components for ships and offshore drilling towers, bolting, oil well drill collars and instrumentation components for oil and gas production. It is particularly well suited for centrifugal pumps in the marine industry because of its high strength and low corrosion rates in high-velocity seawater.

MONEL K500 is non-magnetic. MONEL K500 should be annealed when welded and the weldment then stress relieved before aging.

This nickel-copper alloy is precipitation hardenable due to the addition of aluminum and titanium. It combines the corrosion resistance of Monel 400 with the added benefits of superior strength and hardness (derived from its age-hardenability). Monel K-500 is also known for its ease of fabrication compared to other superalloys, and the fact that it is essentially nonmagnetic even at low temperatures.

Monel K500 pipe bend and elbow are virtually nonmagnetic, even at quite low temperatures

MONEL K500 is a age-hardenable Nickel-Copper alloy which combines the corrosion resistance of Alloy 400 with high strength corrosion fatigue and erosion resistance.

Monel K500 pipe bend and elbow are exceptionally good dimensional stability.

MONEL K500 is a nickel-copper alloy, precipitation hardenable through additions of aluminum and titanium.

Monel K500 pipe bend and elbow are resistant to a sour-gas environment

MONEL K500 retains the excellent corrosion resistant characteristics of 400 and has enhanced strength and hardness after precipitation hardening when compared with 400.

Alloy 400 pipe bend and elbow have excellent corrosion resistance together with increased strength and hardness.

Alloy K500 has approximately three (3) times the yield strength and double the tensile strength when compared with 400. MONEL K500 can be further strengthened by cold working before the precipitation hardening.

Monel K500 pipe bend and elbow has excellent mechanical properties from sub-zero temperatures up to about 480C.

Monel K500 pipe bend and elbow have corrosion resistance in an extensive range of marine and chemical environments. From pure water to non-oxidising mineral acids, salts and alkalis.

The molybdenum content increases corrosion resistance, improves resistance to pitting in chloride ion solutions, and increases strength at high temperatures.

316 is a member of the 18/8 chromium nickel family of austenitic stainless steels, with an addition of 2% molybdenum for improved corrosion resistance, particularly to localised corrosion in chloride containing environments.

316 stainless steel pipe bend has excellent corrosion resistance in many environments. It gives good service in atmospheric conditions, resisting most environments and is often used in marine conditions, or where industrial pollution is heavy.

316 stainless steel pipe bend can be used with seawater, provided precautions are taken to avoid crevice corrosion developing under sediments, precipitation and biofouling, and at designed-in crevices.

Grade 316, and grade 304, may suffer stress corrosion cracking in solutions containing chloride ions at temperatures over about 60¡ãC. Stress corrosion cracking should be considered for all corrosion services where the corrosive liquid may contain chloride.

Grade 316 pipe bend is readily workable, by the standard methods of sheet metal working, with the exception that it cannot be oxygen cut. Plasma cutting is normal. The deep drawing capability of grade 316 is outstanding, because of its high austenite stability.

316 pipe bend is the superior choice for high corrosion and high temperature applications. Since 316L contains less carbon than 316, it has better intergranular corrosion resistance, meaning its welds won¡¯t decay, unlike with 316 stainless steel.

Grade 316 pipe bend is relatively easy to machine, although more difficult than carbon steel. More power is required to machine grade 316. Cutting speed should be lower, the feed higher, tooling and equipment heavier.

316 stainless steel pipe bend has very low responsiveness to magnetic fields. Unlike basic stainless steels, which are ferromagnetic, most stainless steel varieties (including 316) are austenitic ¡ª or effectively nonmagnetic.

The machinability of 316 pipe bend is about 60% that of AISI B1112 resulphurised free cutting carbon steel. A free machining version of 316 is available as bar.

The 316 stainless steel pipe bends can undergo processes, like cold forming and welding, where the austenitic crystal structure is transformed into ferromagnetic martensite. 316L steel is more susceptible to gaining some degree of magnetism.

Grade 316 stainless steel pipe bend is readily weldable by most fusion techniques (GTAW / TIG, GMAW / MIG / MAG, MMAW / stick, SAW), with no preheat, postheat or control of interpass temperature needed.

316 pipe bend is primarily used in construction and infrastructure because it is strong, resistant to pitting, and corrosion resistant in most circumstances.

Stainless steel types 1.4401 and 1.4404 are also known as grades 316 and 316L respectively. Grade 316 is an austenitic grade second only to 304 in commercial importance.

316 stainless steel pipe bend contains an addition of molybdenum that gives it improved corrosion resistance. This is particularly apparent for pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments.

The austenitic structure of 316 stainless steel pipe bend gives excellent toughness, even at cryogenic temperatures.